Act One- Aristophanes 'Peace'

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Act One- Aristophanes 'Peace'


The opening lines of this play are in mid argument, between two slaves. A typical Greek comedy tactic, using slaves to provide humour- slaves which hate their owners. Now these slaves are doing a comical thing in rolling up poo into balls to feed a Dung beetle. Now this Dung beetle as expressed by the second slave is very picky with it's food and has a large appetite. The second slave is the one which is rolling the poo into buns, the one which has the worst job of kneading the poo all day so that the beetle will like it. The Dung beetle is getting hand made poo buns for it is a very important asset within this play. Trygaeus- the owner of the slaves- is planning on flying up to the Gods on the back of the beetle, calling it his 'hippo beetle'. The slaves mock Trygaeus for attempting to do this calling him a mad man, that he has a 'new kind of madness'. The slaves appear to think that Trygaeus will not be able to get up to the God's so make the audience laugh by giving them examples of his attempts, his failures (a great way to make your master look bad in front of the audience.) But to add more humour his comments are ridiculed by the fact that Trygaeus's attempt on Hippo beetle back is successful, thus making the slaves judgements incompetent. The slaves attempt again to make their master look bad by shouting his children and telling them that they are orphans, for their parent has left them alone, this should be looked as bad on Trygaeus's behalf. But once again the slaves are shown as funnily incompetent for the conversation between father and daughter shows that he has good reasons to go up to heaven, shows an understanding between the two.


Once Trygaeus reaches heaven after all his bother he is stopped by Hermes. This in itself is funny, for it after all the trouble nobody appreciates it. Also the attitude of Hermes is funny, for he goes completely over the top calling him a 'foul, shameless, desperate, good-for-nothing villain' and the 'villainists of villains'. After these accusations Trygeaus plays with his words for when Hermes asks him questions he simply answers 'villain', branded with the label given by Hermes. Also the humour of this is that Hermes attitude later is the opposite, for once he is given the offering of meat then Trygaeus is suddenly a 'poor fellow'. This in a way is mocking at the God's too, the fact that they could be bribed, shows that the God's are very shallow. But Aristophanes not only stops there at mocking the Gods, he also provides humour by painting an image of the Gods using ridiculous equipment such as; 'furniture, pots and pans'- perhaps suggesting that the God's are not all that they are cracked up to be, they need utensils which are the same as the mortals on Earth.


Aristophanes introduces the first manipulative language within the play to sway the audience to be against the wars, when Trygaeus first reaches heaven.. The drama of the play has began where the audience and Trygaeus is told that the Gods (Zeus) have left for they had enough of everyone praying to them to win the war, so moved as far away as they could. Thus letting War take over their old grounds and told to do as he wished. This resulted in War taking Peace and throwing her into a 'deep dark cave'. You also learn of the most disastrous prospect of the play, and of War. That the God War has bought 'a gigantic mortar', which War is going to 'pound every city in Greece to a pulp'. Surprisingly even at this moment of doom Aristophanes brings humour in by Trygaeus laughing at each City and its stereotypical food produce. For example Sicily- 'poor Island all grated up', he also makes it funny that Trygaeus should be worrying about how much some honey costs for a God- as if the God's need to watch their money. But alas a disaster there is no pestle- so creating a chance for humans to sort out the problem of war and save their cities- also it creates suspense- keeping audience interested. Neither place though that Havoc (another God) searches for a pestle has one. The Pestle could perhaps be symbolic for the Governors of either side. Both sides (Athenians and Spartans) had lost their general when fighting, resulting that both sides were just pointlessly fighting each other. This is a very good symbolic idea of Aristophanes, for it will subcontiously manipulate the more intelligent minds within the Greek audience- and generally the more intelligent were the more important and influential, hence the reason for realising that the war was pointless and should be stopped.


Trygaeus then calls all men of Greece to help and rescue Peace- for the good of their own cities and country. This brings all the people together-what Aristophanes wanted. The chorus call up the men of Greece- which is not heavy hearted instead Aristophanes attempts to bring across his message to the audience light heartedly, bringing in humour. Visual humour of the legs which cannot stop because they are to excited, about the prospect of peace. The audience looking upon the scene will want to be as excitable as the chorus are who cannot stop their legs from dancing.


After the call up of the men of Greece there is another incident between Hermes and Trygaeus- a rather pathetic attempt of Hermes to stop Trygaeus and the men from moving the stones from the pit Peace is locked up in. Once again the God's are mocked at by Trygaeus by asking Hermes after he condemns Trygaeus to death when the date of his death will exactly be. To persuade Hermes again Trygaeus flirtly compliments Hermes calling him the comic name of 'Hermikins'- Trygaeus then uses the chorus to compliment Hermes into not uncovering their actions to Zeus- I find it ironic though that the Gods are supposed to see everything which goes on around them but they cannot even see what is happening in their own home lands- perhaps showing incompetance again! This does not work too well though so Trygaeus tells Hermes of a conspiracy against them which makes Hermes afraid of his privilages position and starts paniking thinking that Trygaeus and men of Greece are their only salvation- a strange turn around from the people of Greece needing the God's, to the God's needing the people of Greece. But although Aristophanes is mocking the God's throughout the play he does still show some respect to them for after Hermes consent for the rescue of Peace te leader and Trygaeus pay their respects to Apollo asking him to bless them.


Although all the men of Greece are helping out there are many people not pulling their weight, Lamachus, Argives, Megarians and the Athenians. This I believe is a warning to the people of these nationalities not to provoke or create war. The reason, because peace will hate you and you will be beyond any hope- so to stop this from happening they should pull their weight now and work together to rescue her (peace).


Peace is eventually rescued.


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