Sport

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Its no easy feat designing world-class athletic footwear. At Nike, theres more to shoe performance than an eye-popping creative silhouette or the flashy colors of a shoe. Years of intensive research and testing back up Nikes leading-edge design and innovation.Where that research and testing gets done is in the Nike Footwear Advanced Research and Design department housed on the first floor of the Mia Hamm building on the Nike World Headquarters campus in Beaverton, Oregon. Two of the departments are the Nike Sports Research Lab and the Materials & Mechanical Test Lab. These two departments are a powerful think tank and testing lab that combines creativity, ingenuity, and sophisticated, state-of-the-science testing equipment.NIKE SPORTS RESEARCH LAB

The goal of NSRL is to understand the needs of athletes and incorporate those findings into developing high-performance footwear, while maintaining strict adherence to Nikes three main objectives performance, protection and comfort. It accomplishes this with biomechanical testing, and by measuring consumer perception. NSRL is able to break down and analyze specific motions identified for specific sports, like running, cutting, shuffling, braking, forward motion, backward motion, lateral movement, and jumping.NSRL, at 1,500-square-feet, uses lab materials and machines that are worth more than $1.5 million. Critical aspects of motion are studied and analyzed using biomechanical testing with athletes performing specific skills. A battery of technologically advanced equipment is used, including foot scanners, high-speed video, electromyography machines, Pedar in-sole pressure sensors and others.Additionally the NSRL has at its disposal a variety of floor materials (hardwood for basketball, etc.) that enables mimicking a wide variety of sport playing environments.NSRL staffMario LaFortune, Ph.D, who has been director since 16, leads the 16-member NSRL staff. Six of the staffers hold Ph.Ds in human biomechanics or related fields. The rest of the staff hold Masters degrees in bioengineering, biomechanics or related fields.Biomechanical TestingNike Shox has been under development since 184. One critical evaluation of its success is a biomechanical test that measures impact forces. A subject wears a pair of Nike Shox fitted with seven reflective markers on the outside, or lateral side. The subject is asked to run across a force plate set in the floor of NSRL. The plate is attached to a computer which measures the total load applied to the foot during running. At the same time, high-speed infrared video cameras capture the movement of the markers at 40 frames per second and record the data as the subject runs over the plate.That data is coordinated with the data obtained from the impact plate, the sum of which produces three-dimensional kinematic coordinates, which can be studied for the relative position of the lower leg and how it changes over a given time. This allows Nike to gain sports-specific insights that The Cushioning Durability Tester is designed to evaluate the durability of athletic shoe cushioning systems. Midsole foams, compresses over time as a function of use. This is generally assumed to cause a gradual reduction in the cushioning provided by the shoes. This test involves impacting a shoe cushioning system 00,000 times to approximate 500 miles of running use. Each impact approximates the peak impact force applied to a running shoe during heel strike by a 150-160 pound runner wearing a mens size shoe. The changes in thickness, stiffness and cushioning performance of footwear midsoles are measured.Another test thats done in the M & M Lab, though not necessarily on the Nike Shox shoe, uses a device called the Swampwalker. It is used to evaluate the degree of waterproofness of shoes and boots. The Swampwalker has foot-forms that are instrumented to detect the presence of water. A foot-form is covered with a standard cotton sock and placed inside the shoe or boot to be tested. The boot is laced up and the foot-form assembly is mounted in place. The Swampwalker then moves the foot-form and boot in a walking motion inside a water-filled tank.CONSUMER PERCEPTION TESTINGStill a third form of testing is done before a shoe hits the market. For consumer perception testing and wear-testing, test subjects are often used to gather quantitative sensory information about the functional properties of footwear, using recognized scientific methodology. For Nike Shox, these testers had to meet certain criteria, like running three times a week, a minimum of 0 miles/week at an average training pace of less than 80 min/mile.Wear-testers are experienced athletes who were also chosen to use and abuse Nike Shox based on their abilities to discern subtle differences in materials and results. For example, potential wear-testers wearing only socks were asked to step on a variety of foam pieces, all with different densities, and asked to describe the differences. Youd be amazed, says NSRL staffer Corinna Kupelwieser. Some people cant tell any difference in any of them. Other people have super-sensitive feet.NSRL will often screen as many as 100 potential wear-testers to select a final panel of 1. Its time-consuming, Kupelwieser says, but necessary for the rigorous and exacting testing that takes place at NSRL.Once chosen, wear-testers will work through several months of testing and evaluating footwear product.NIKE Inc., headquartered in Beaverton, OR, markets its products in more than 100 countries and is the worlds leading sports and fitness company. For more information about the Nike Sports Research Laboratory visit www.nikebiz.com/story/pr_lab.shtml.

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