Perception

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PERCEPTION

PERCEPTION is a mechanism through which people receive, organize and interpret information from their environments. The key to understanding perception is to recognize that it is a unique interpretation of the situation itself, not the situation itself. It is an active psychological process where-in the stimuli are selected and organized into meaningful patterns. Perception is defined as the complex method of obtaining information about our surrounding world, specifically through our senses, and apprehending this information as beliefs. Different people are likely to have somewhat different and sometimes contradictory views or understandings of the same event or person. A person's perception can be thought of as a "filter". Thus, because perception is largely learned, and no one has the same learning and experience, then every person has a unique filter, and the same situations and stimuli may produce very different reactions and behaviors. In an organizational scenario, for example, the perceptual world of a manager is quite different from the perceptual world of the associate, and both may be very different from reality. Thus, the quality or accuracy of a manager's perceptions has a major impact on the quality of any decisions made or actions taken in a given business situation. Perception is more complex and broader than sensation which is the effect of the five senses on human mind. Sensation is a data input & the processed data which gives an Individual a view point is termed perception.

Perceptual world

WE DON'T SEE THINGS AS THEY ARE….

WE SEE THEM AS WE ARE….

- Anais Nain

Since all individuals have own criterion of assigning meanings therefore by definition there isn't anything as the "Real World". Rationality always falls short of perfect perceptions.

As a result a typical "Perception" would add to or take from the real world while processing the inputs. Such a world is called a "Perceptual World".

Sub processes of perception

There are several sub processes of perception. The first important sub process is the stimulus or situation that is present. It is the starting point of perception when a person is confronted with a stimulus or situation. A stimulus refers to raw data or just the sensory Inputs one receives. Hence it is a cognitive process where sensory data acts merely as an input taken from the environment. We tend to select and attend to only some features present in any situation. This helps us avoid dealing with irrelevant information and information overload. Then there are the internal cognitive processes of registration, interpretation and feedback. Then there is the resulting behavior itself, and the environmental consequences of this behavior make up the final part. The physiological ability to hear and see will affect perception. Interpretation is the most significant aspect of perception. Interpretations are largely dependant on a person's learning, motivation and his/her personality. Feedback may influence the perception of a person further. Research has shown that both facial expressions and the specific situation will influence perceptions of certain emotions, such as fear, anger or pain. The behavioral termination of perception is the reaction or behavior, either overt or covert.

SELECTION AND ORGANISATION

We are being constantly bombarded with numerous stimuli. We continually face a m lange of sounds and sights. We tend to select and attend to only some features present in any situation which helps us to deal with irrelevant information and information overload. In some cases, however, individuals may overlook important stimuli.

Various internal and external factors affect perceptual selectivity. These are discussed as follows

1. Intensity- The more intense the external stimuli is, the more likely it is to be perceived. For example, bright packaging and television commercials which are slightly louder than regular programmes. In an organization, a supervisor may raise his/her voice to gain attention. But more complex psychological variables may overcome simple factors. Like, the supervisor might actually be turning the subordinates off instead of gaining their attention.

. Size- The larger the object, the more likely it is to be perceived. Like, a 6-foot 5-inch, 50 pound supervisor may receive more attention from his subordinates than a 5-foot 10-inch, 160 pound supervisor.

. Contrast- The external stimuli that stand out against the background or that are not what people are expecting will receive their attention. A worker with many years of experience will hardly notice the deafening sound of the machines on the factory floor. However, if one or more machines should suddenly come to a halt, the person would immediately notice the difference in the noise level.

4. Repetition- A repeated external stimulus will get more attention than a single one. Advertisers trying to create a unique image of their product that is undifferentiated from its competitors such as aspirin, soap and deodorant rely heavily on repetitious advertising.

5. Motion- People will pay more attention to moving objects in their field of vision than they will to stationary objects. The production line workers, for example, may devote their attention to the line of slowly moving materials they are working on and fail to notice the relatively nice-working conditions like pastel-colored walls, music and air conditioning.

6. Novelty and Familiarity- Either a novel or a familiar external situation can serve as an attention getter. New objects or events in a familiar setting or familiar events in a new setting will draw the attention of the perceiver. Job rotation is an example of this principle. It not only increases attention but also improves employees' acquisition of new skills.

People will select out stimuli or situations from the environment that appeal to, or are compatible with their learning, motivation and personality. A lot of what a person sees in the world is a result of past experience and learning. Even though the past experience may not be relevant to the present situation, it is nevertheless used by the perceiver.

Perceptual Organization focuses on what takes place in the perceptual process once the information from the situation is received. Once we have selected stimuli, we categorize and organize them so that the new material makes sense to us. If possible, we make the new stimuli fit in with the ways we already understand and know the world. If we as managers, for example, see our current employees as being lazy, we will likely see the new employees as lazy too. We organize stimuli in two basic ways. First we perceive stimuli as figures standing out against a background. Such distinctions are particularly influential in performance evaluations. If someone is being interviewed for a job, the people whose interviews are immediately before that person's affect the way in which the interviewer perceives him/her. The previous interview acts as a background against which the current interviewee is assessed.

In addition to perceiving figures against a background, we group discrete stimuli into a pattern.

This is called perceptual grouping. Grouping of stimuli occurs when they are similar, near other stimuli, form a continuous pattern or create a complicated pattern. For example, an office manager may consider all the women as interchangeable and all the men as interchangeable. This underlies the interpretation of stimuli and also contributes to perceptual distortions. We generally tend to group stimuli together by Closure, continuity, proximity or similarity.

• Closure- A person will sometimes perceive a whole when does not actually exist. The person's perceptual process will close the gaps that are unfilled from sensory input. An example of this is the head of a project team who perceived complete agreement among the members on a given project when, in fact, there was opposition from several members. The team leader in this situation closed the existing gaps and perceived complete agreement, when it did not exist.

• Continuity- continuity is closely related to closure. Due to this, a person will tend to perceive continuous lines or patterns. This may lead to inflexible or noncreative thinking on the part of organizational participants. For example, new innovative ideas or designs may not be perceived in a productive process.

• Proximity- A group of stimuli that are close together will be perceived as a whole pattern of parts belonging together. For example, several employees in an organization may be identified as a single group because of physical proximity.

• Similarity- The greater the similarity of the stimuli, the greater the tendency to perceive them as a common group. This applies, for example, to women and minorities.

SOCIAL PERCEPTION

Social perception is a process of trying to perceive, understand and evaluate other peoples (and sometimes our own) intentions, traits, motives, and behaviors. It is also called person perception or social inference. Social perception also involves trying to figure out or "decode" what other people's nonverbal behavior represents.

Characteristics of Perceiver and Perceived

The specific characteristics of the perceiver are as follows

1. Knowing oneself makes it easier to see other others accurately.

. One's own characteristics affect the characteristics one is likely to see in others.

. People who accept themselves are more likely to be able to see favorable aspects of other people.

4. Accuracy in perceiving others is not a single skill.

These features greatly influence how a person perceives others in the environmental situation.

There are also certain characteristics of the person who is being perceived that influences social perception.

1. The status of the person perceived will greatly influence others' perception of the person.

. The person being perceived is usually placed into categories to simplify the viewer's perceptual activities. Two common categories are status and role.

. The visible traits of the person perceived will greatly influence others' perception of the person.

PERCEPTUAL DISTORTIONS

In reality, both selection and organization generally suffer from inaccuracies or distortions. This is due to a prepared mental set influenced by individual dispositions and prior experience.

Cultural influences also affect perception. These are the factors which color our descriptions and cause them to differ form another person's descriptions. Although such biases are normal and human, they can have significant consequences when managers or other organizational members base action on potentially invalid distortions.

There are various types of perceptual distortions. These are as follows

1. Stereotyping

Stereotyping occurs when an individual attributes behaviors or attitudes to a person on the basis of the group or category to which that person belongs. We frequently stereotype members of ethnic groups, women, managers, white collar workers and blue collar workers. It prevents managers from gathering new perspectives and accurately assessing Individual differences at work, contributing to biased or erroneous decision making. So, individuals must gather sufficient information about other people's behavior and attributes to encourage more realistic perceptions. They must also check the conclusions they draw to ensure their validity. They must also differentiate between facts and assumptions in determining the basis of their perceptions.

. Halo Effect

This refers to an individual's letting one salient feature of a person dominate the whole evaluation of that individual. For example, people with good attendance are considered to be responsible and intelligent. A sincere worker is always honest. A stupid action means the person is stupid. It frequently occurs in assessments of employee performances. Thus, it can influence a manager's evaluation of the subordinate's work. Managers must separate appearance from performance, productivity from attendance, personality from creativity. They must know what behaviors and attitudes result in better performance.

. Projections

It is the assignment of personal attributions to other individuals. We defend our egos by projecting our feelings onto others. Projection involves an emotional biasing of perceptions. Fear, hatred, uncertainty, anger, love, deceit or distrust may influence an individual's perceptions. Thus, it compromises a manager's ability to respond to individual differences in the work setting. For example, a manager assumes his needs and subordinates' to be the same. This can be controlled through a high degree of self awareness and willingness to enter the frame of reference of the other person and come to see the situation through his eyes. This is called empathy.

4. Expectancy

This is the tendency to create or find in another situation or individual that which you expected to find in the first place. It leads to expecting behavior from another individual and then perceiving the behavior whether it occurs or not. There is an unconscious expectation that our expectations will be realized. This is also referred to as Pygmalion effect. To counter this, managers should adopt positive and optimistic approaches as opposed to negative and pessimistic approaches to people at work. They should create a warmer interpersonal climate in the organization, give more performance feedback to subordinates, spend more time helping subordinates to learn job skills and give subordinates more opportunities to ask questions.

PERCEPTIONS IN ORGANISATIONS

There are three major things on which perceptions in organizations depend. These are Job Structuring, Flow of communication and Superior-subordinate relationship. In any organization, information is pre-selected, frame of reference is pre-decided, and immediate decision determines perceptions. Therefore patterns of behavior change and the same information is interpreted differently.

Thus, it is very important to deal with distortions. It is imperative to

• Understand that they happen to everyone.

• Be self-reflective and learn to distinguish between assumptions and facts.

• Learn to make decisions based on observation.

• Separate aspects of an individual when you make judgment.

• Decide on criteria and standards for evaluation. Then follow them.

The role of a skilled manager

A good manager does his best to minimize perceptual distortions. Only then can an organization work efficiently. A skilled manager

• Has high level of Self-Awareness.

• Knows about Individual experience & expectations and doesn't put it to others.

• Seeks information from various sources.

• Is Empathetic.

• Avoids Perceptual distortions.

• Avoids Inappropriate Attributions.

• Influences the perception of other people.

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Group modelo

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GRUPO MODELO, founded in 15, is the leader in the production and marketing of beer in Mexico with more than 6.70% domestic and export market share.(1) It has eight brewing plants in the country, with a total annual installed capacity of 46.0 million hectoliters.(1) Currently, it brews and distributes ten brands; Corona Extra, the number one Mexican beer sold in the world, Modelo Especial, Victoria, Pacifico, Negra Modelo and other regional brands.(1) It exports five brands with presence in more that 150 countries and is the exclusive importer of Anheuser-Busch's products in Mexico, including the brands Budweiser and Bud Light.(1) Grupo Modelo trades in the Mexican Stock Exchange since 14 with the ticker symbol GMODELOC.(1)

Mission Statement

Produce, distribute and sell quality beer

• With excellent service

• At a competitive price

• Optimizing resources

• Surpassing customer expectations

• With the collaboration of employees, suppliers and distributors, contributing to their economic, cultural and social development.

• Improving the profitability of the business

• Protecting the natural resources and

• Cooperating with the progress of the community and the country.

All of the above mentioned in the Mission Statement was taken from the second page of the Annual Report 00 (see appendix). "Quality and Service have been the key for the Company's success. Through them Grupo Modelo has strengthened its leadership.(Annual Report 00, see appendix).

COMPANY'S HISTORY

In Mexico many small breweries existed during the 10's, especially in the North of the country.() Many of them had a local and regional presence, with the capacity to supply the market's demand.()

It was on October 15 when Braulio Iriarte, together with the Mexican President Plutarco Elias Calles, inaugurated Cerveceria Modelo, S.A. best known for its brand Corona.() Shortly after, Pablo Diez joined the Company with the purpose to build a corporation of national presence able to capture and satisfy consumers' needs.()

Pablo Diez who then became the Company's Chairman of the Board, CEO and major shareholder, headed the Company's expansion through the acquisition of breweries, malt plants and other strategic alliances in order to ensure the supply of raw materials required in the production process. ()

The acquired companies such as Cerveceria de Toluca y Mexico S.A. (15) producer of the brand Victoria, Cerveceria Estrella (154), Cerveceria del Pacifico (154), producer of the brand Pacifico, Cerveceria Modelo del Noroeste (160) and Cerveceria Modelo de Torreon (166), were located in strategic areas of the country.()

This expansion was possible due to Pablo Diez's long term vision and his management team integrated by Felix Aramburuzabala, Juan Sanchez Navarro, Nemesio Diez, Manuel Alvarez and Antotino Fernandez.()

During the 50's, Grupo Modelo became the leader in the domestic market.() Pablo Diez made a model company out of Grupo Modelo, using the best machinery, technology, systems, technicians and, most importantly, the best people.()

The increasing presence of the company's products throughout the country required a solid distribution network.() Thus, during the 40's Pablo Diez designated Nemesio Diez to head such a project, with the purpose to ensure the best quality service, creating the first distribution center in the city of Toluca, in 145.()

In 171 Antonino Fernandez was designated Chairman of the Board and CEO. ()

Grupo Modelo has kept the philosophy of Pablo Diez by brewing, distributing and selling high quality beer at a competitive price, optimizing resources and exceeding customers' expectations, thus contributing to Mexico's economic and social development.() Following this ideals, Antonino Fernandez has maintained the growth of the company, being responsible for the construction of two of Grupo Modelo's largest breweries, Cerveceria Modelo de Guadalajara and Cerveceria del Tropico, in 164 and 184, respectively.()

As a result of the merger of its two competitors in Mexico, Grupo Modelo lost its leadership in the mid 80's. Nevertheless, it was recovered in 11, and maintained as of today.()

On February 14, Grupo Modelo became a public company placing 1% of the company's capital in the Mexican Stock Exchange.() Prior to this, in June 1, Grupo Modelo's controlling shareholders signed an investment agreement with Anheuser-Busch (AB), by which AB acquired a minority stake in Grupo Modelo, S.A. de C.V. and its main subsidiary Diblo, S.A. de C.V.()

During the 0's, requirements and demands for quality and service have increased in the domestic and foreign markets.() Therefore, Grupo Modelo has constantly invested in the development of the its facilities and brands to continue satisfying consumers' preferences through quality products.()

Today, Grupo Modelo is the main p

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Human nature

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HUMAN NATURE

In federalist paper #6, Hamilton throws the light on the nature of man and how he gets affected personal motives so as to sacrifice the interest of the society at large. Though man at his best is capable of reason, self-discipline and fairness, it can also be recognized his susceptibility to materialist things which he knowingly or unknowingly indulges in.

Hamilton states that if the states join in a mere partial confederacy, they would inevitably have frequent conflicts with each other. The cause of such conflicts would undoubtably be the personal motives of the people in power. It cannot be denied that men are influence by selfish motives such as ambition of power, monetory benefits, and dominance on others. These personal motives are likely to effect their judgment and eventually lead them to a situation where they are less likely to be fair in taking important decisions which can not only effect their own lives but also of those around them. In federalist paper# 6, Hamilton states that due to unconnected sovereigns, there would be an absence of uniform governance and lack of harmony which will prompt these states to fight against each other for land, power or for personal animosity. This is indeed true that if the republics, just as monarchies are addicted to be as both types of government are administered by men and they can easily fall into the whims of a selected few. Howsoever, fair and rational man tends to be, his susceptibility to passion, intolerance and greed may lead him to do things, which his conscience would not allow. The love of power, the desire of dominion, personal rivalry has always prompted invasions on foreign lands. Man has always been driven by impulses of rage, resentment and jealousy. The ambition of dominance has resulted in many wars fought in the past. There have been numerous instances where nations have indulged in wars for personal motives such as religion, ambition of dominance and monitory benefits. This has been a cause of various discerning factions in the present day political system. But, how many times have the people of these countries benefited from this. Hasty decisions of some political powers have resulted in the sufferings of the general public.

We are moving towards a point of extremism where a man's selfish interests is taking a front seat and has been the force which drives him in the present world. The present state of affairs should be a warning enough to all those people who consider these vested interests as of prime importance.

Please note that this sample paper on human nature is for your review only. In order to eliminate any of the plagiarism issues, it is highly recommended that you do not use it for you own writing purposes. In case you experience difficulties with writing a well structured and accurately composed paper on human nature, we are here to assist you. Your cheap custom college paper on human nature will be written from scratch, so you do not have to worry about its originality. Order your authentic assignment and you will be amazed at how easy it is to complete a quality custom paper within the shortest time possible!

Information technology

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I. Introduction

Information Technology is an important main part of our Global Village. Its one of the main players that develop all applications related to the new technologies like the internet.

Unfortunately, when we talk about the educational problems and complaints, we dont see much technology involvements in this field. The benefits of information technology in education systems are still at minimal. In this report, the education word will refer to K-1 stage only, simply because there where the problem is taking place. We know that IT is changing the business processes today, because the business movers and players involved the technology in their business, and they are gaining all benefits from that involvement, but in education, the ignorance still going on, not because they dont have computers and software, but because of the wrong implementations of these devices.

The internet is the main key to open wide doors for IT to be involved in educations. The internet is a popular tool that used by everybody, beside it gives the minimum level of technology experience like word processing, which is important for every student. Again, as a reminder, I am talking about the K-1 stages only.

Write a research paper on information technology

Few years age, President Bill Clinton announced a plan of four components that will help children in schools to be more technologically educated. The four points are 1) Providing modern computers to each classroom, ) Providing high speed network connections to these computers, ) Developing new education contents and curriculums that match the new trends, and 4) Training teachers, because they will be the agents of technologies.

Some people argue that the use of computers by K-1 students in schools will affect their natural intelligence. They think that they should solve all problems by themselves with no help from any software, and their point of view is if they are not allowed to use calculators in this age, they should not be allowed to use more advanced software. Also, they say that if all students will use word processes to type their home works, a whole generations will have a very bad handwriting!!

But on the other hand, it is very difficult to predict and forecast the future of technology in education. We learned from history a lot of funny forecasts (like the handwriting arguments above) on technology. Here I will mention some of these amusing forecasts, not because we want to laugh, but in order to make a quick history view of how things got changed

- This telephone has too many shortcomings to be seriously considered as a means of communication. The device is inherently of no value to us. (Western Union internal memo, 1876.)

- Books will soon be obsolete in the schools. … Scholars will soon be able to instruct through the eye. It is possible to touch every branch of human knowledge with the motion picture. (Thomas A. Edison, 11.)

- I believe that the motion picture is destined to revolutionize our educational system and that in a few years it will supplant largely, if not entirely, the use of textbooks. (Thomas A. Edison, 1.)

- The wireless music box has no imaginable commercial value. Who would pay for a message sent to nobody in particular? (David Sarnoffs associates in response to his urgings for investment in the radio in the 10s.) (he means the Radio!!)

- I think there is a world market for maybe five computers. (IBM chairman, 14)

II. The Forecasting Business

I would like to mention three things in general education systems that has a big relation with information technology. 1) Acquisition and retention there have been a lot of arguments on how much is people are getting of knowledge over time? Some said its doubled every five years! And some think its less then that. What I am sure is with IT booming it became shorter. ) Understanding the second point in this matter is to understand and to do the right analysis. IT has provided us with easy access to all scientific related fields like the artificial intelligence. ) Active use of knowledge and skills information technology makes it very easy for adult to increase their abilities in solving problems. It takes for now less time to get results, and therefore students will focus their power in developing and creating, leaving the long process of solving to the technology of information (IT).

The current education system is still good system, because it meets the industrial needs, but, are we really living in an industrial stage? The fact is that we are moving toward information stage, but not completely yet. I think we should consider that moving when we deal with any development in any field including our education system.

It is the best time to put down a big serious changing education system plan. This plan should be sourced from President Clinton suggestions. It is hard to change everything later, especially when we talk about a whole nation system. K-1 students are the future builders, and when talk about future we mean many years in further. So in conclusion of this matter, my highest recommendation to all those in charge to take an immediate action toward changing in the current system.

III. Education System Change Overtime

We all agree that most jobs today require at least a minimum level of computer and using programs skills. There are many things can be taught in the K-1 period. Many schools today are offering such programs as elective courses. In my opinion, its the time to make it core basic courses. Beside that, we need to make it updated always due to the high speed changing in the IT field.

The computer is the basic tool that holds all other necessary tools. These tools can be divided into three groups

1- Generic tools these are the main common tools, such as word processing programs, data entry programs, and graphic design programs. Learning how to use these programs is very important for K-1 students, because they will apply it in almost every field.

- Subject-specific tools these are the programs that are used in specific field. For example Microsoft Project has been developed for specific science area. Another example is the AutoCAD, which is used by mechanical and architecture engineers.

- Learner-centered tools these are the programs that require at least some programming skills. Logo environments are an example of these tools.

In the light of these three computer tools, the big question appears. What should students learn? There are three things every student is using today to solve problems, mentally aid (self aid), simple aids (book, papers), and complicated aids (computers, and calculators). It is very important to know the perfect amount of combining these three things in any education plan, because the gap is increasing between the current used tools and the tools are available.

IV. Computer Technology in Education

When we view the human history, we can find four main economic ages 1) Hunter-gatherer Age. ) Agricultural Age. ) Industrial Age. 4) Information Age. The information age began formally 40 years age, when the white collar jobs had more demand than the blue collar jobs.

The main different between the information age and the industrial age is the bits. Everything is getting smaller, computers, processors, monitors, memories, devices, and many other technological types of equipment. This is considered as an advantage to the human. And we talk about education, its easy for K-1 students to hold notebook, in fact its lighter than carrying tons of books. In the industrial age, all necessary sciences are stored in books only. But in the information age it is stored in very small memories. In the mid 0s it moved to be stored in the air through the internet.

The laptop became very important device in colleges today. In our school CTU, many students are holding their laptops with them in the school. At the beginning, they used it to store data and information, then they had to connect it to the internet through wires, today the school is offering a wireless connectivity to all student in the building. Its not that only, when the management of the school was looking for another campus, they didnt care much about the food availability, instead they looked for a place that has been provided with the internet connections, they have looked for information availability.

It is very important to treat K-1 students the same way; we should provide them all the technology resources. They should learn the big technology phrases today; I believe it will become a joke in the nearly future. Every K-1 student should understand the purpose, uses, and benefits of the IT.

V. The Information Age

Besides moving to bits, most devices are moving towards digital age. Everything is getting digitally. Years ago, few people have LCD monitors in their home, today more people prefer LCDs. The same thing with other technologies, digital camera, digital cell phones, digital TVs, etc. most TV providers announced a five year plan to broadcast every single channel digitally.

The really problem is that when companies make studies and researches to forecast the new market trends, they dont focus on education. They usually look where the money is. So, we really cannot rely much on them. The bigger problem is that we dont have a choice but to wait for the government to move on towards this object. The biggest problem is that we have to wait much for that moving due to the lack of money, and the usual slow actions.

In a capitalistic country like the United States, most progresses are driven by companies. The government has no choice but to tight any education plan with private companies. The army of the United States is importing all their materials and weapons from private companies, like Boeing. The government should treat the education system the same way they deal with the defense issues.

Another thing to change in the education system is the way of dealing with students. They student should be more responsible regardless of their age. The current system teaches student the latest sciences, in fact; the new system should show some futures. We are living in a speed age, everything is changing rapidly. So when a students in a K-1 stage learn something about technology now, it could be completely changed when he graduate from his/her high school. Due to that issue, I highly recommend to give the student the chance to explore and to create by themselves.

VI. The Information Technology Industry

One of the steps that have to be taken is to give more power to schools and teachers. Many teachers are not satisfied with the current system, and they would like to make changes, but the problem occurs when they face the current restriction roles. The teachers are the agents of any system, giving them the chance to decide what is the best to is an advantage. The numbers of students who hold mini-computers are increasing, the teachers know that very well, and they wish to deal with student based on information technology communication.

Many schools in Singapore give laptops to the students. The classes there are amazing. Every table is connected to the teacher table. Throw LAN network, the teachers download the information, and the assignments. After going home every student could enter the virtual classroom, and ask any question at a certain time. Yes they still carrying few books, but along with a laptop.

It is important to understand the difficulty of implementing any new system at once. Therefore, the new technology plan should consider a test program. This test will chose one or two schools per state to implement the new program. These schools should be under careful studies to get accurate results. The test program will contain providing all necessary equipments to schools and students home.

There is one more issue that has to be solve before go any further. That is the security. One of the main goals of the education in the United States is to provide both physical and emotional security to all students. The World Wide Web could be used in good things and bad things regardless of our liberty trends. There must be red lines that cannot be crossed. The same thing with respecting values, I cannot ask a Jewish student to do something on Saturday, like sending home works or chatting with him.

VII. Conclusion

As a conclusion of this report, it is important for the government to save some millions to do researches and implementation tests on involving the Information Technology field in the current education system. They should be patient, because it is huge project and historical move.

As a brief to the new program, there are six main steps should take place in any new education plan. These six steps are

1- Evaluate the Situation to do an environmental scan to the current situation.

- Articulate a Vision to draw a future situation vision.

- Decide on a Mission Statement to chose the best technology for the education system.

4- Propose and Select Goals to draw the main goals and objects in order to organize it and schedule it (MPM).

5- Develop a Strategic Implementation Plan who will do what by when (Microsoft project), beside the testing program.

6- Periodic Assessment and Update the new plan should be implemented in pace in order to fix all mistakes properly.

WORKS CITED

1- Moursund, Dave. 17. The Future of Information Technology in Education. ISTE Publication.

- Fullan, Michael G. (11). The new meaning of educational change. New York Teachers College Press.

- Logan, Robert K. (15). The fifth language Learning a living in the computer age. Toronto, Canada Stoddart Publishing Company.

4- Naisbitt, John. (18). Megatrends. The new directions transforming our lives. New York Warner Books, Inc.

5- Negroponte, Nicholas. (15). Being digital. New York Alfred A. Knopf.

6- The Internet

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Maggie: A Girl of the Streets

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Tenement Life and the Effects on the Family

Maggie A Girl of the Streets, by Stephen Crane, gives us a synopsis of life in the tenements and the relationship people had with others. Maggie's family was one of the many families during the 180s that went through crisis. The thesis of my paper is that tenement living deprived people of closed relationships. First by alcoholism, second by abuse, and third by denial.

The children (including Maggie and Jimmie) had easy access to alcohol. Each tenement contained a saloon on the ground level, making the availability to alcohol easy for children. The old woman downstairs states to Jimmie, "Go, now, like a dear an' buy me a can" (Crane 4). In return for buying the "can," Jimmie receives a place to stay for the night. The father assaults Jimmie, stealing his can and taking it for his own. "You've been drinkin', Mary," he said. "You'd better let up on the bot', ol' woman, or you'll git done" (41). After this is said to Mary, her and the father begin to argue and assault one another leaving them both passed out on the floor. "Ol' Johnson's raisin' hell agin," whispers a curious face in the door way of the tenement," after Mr. Johnson returns home from stealing whiskey from Jimmie at the saloon. Crane states, "Her mother drank whiskey all Friday morning. With lurid face and tossing hair she cursed and destroyed furniture all Friday afternoon" (54). Mary continuously drinks which aggravates Maggie, driving her to living with Pete. Mary's alcoholism takes her down the path of rage and abuse towards the others. Her soon rages influences Jimmie and he too soon takes on the violent, abusive personality.

Physical and verbal abuse plays an important role in the Johnson family. The majority of this abuse results from alcoholism. As Mary and Mr. Johnson continue to fight with one another Jimmie feels as though he is not safe in the home and goes downstairs to live with another resident in the tenements. After Mr. Johnson dies, Jimmie soon takes on the role of the "abusive man of the house." He would curse and hit Mary, and pick fights with others. "He developed too a great tendency to climb down from his truck and fight with drivers. He had been in quite a few of miscellaneous fights, and in some general barroom rows that had become known to the police" (4). Jimmie learns this behavior from his mother who is also known by name to the police. Mary quickly leaves this lifestyle to live with Pete, whom she has a romance with, leading Mary and Jimmie to add that "Yer gettin' teh be a reg'lar devil" (54). Jimmie and Mary feel if they degrade Maggie they will feel as that though they have accomplished their plan of cursing her for the sin she has committed. "Yeh've gone teh deh devil, Mag Johnson, yehs knows yehs have gone teh deh devil. Yer a disgrace teh yer people, damn yeh. An' now, git out an' go ahn wid dat doe-faced jude of yours. Go teh hell wid him, damn yeh, an' a good riddancde. Go teh hell an' see how yeh likes it" (65). Mary thinks they have finally driven her away when she goes to live with Pete.

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As Maggie leaves the Johnson tenement, Mary and Jimmie continue to abuse and begin to deny that Maggie is even apart of their family. "She's deh devil's own chil', Jimmie," (67) Mary remarks. As Maggie goes out to the streets, it is considered the most heinous sin, because only the devils' own would do this. Mary and Jimmie believe that no family member of theirs' could possibly do something like that. But if you look back Crane states, "Two women in different parts of the city, and entirely unknown to each other, caused him (Jimmie) considerable annoyance by breaking forth, simultaneously, at fateful intervals, into wailings about marriage and support and infants" (4). So we can see that hypocrisy is something that Jimmie is really getting himself into during this frame of time. He not only curses Maggie for going to the streets, he is hypocritical in that he impregnates two women. Early in the story, Jimmie and Pete argue about Pete and Maggie getting and living together We can begin to understand that Jimmie is dealing with much denial as he hides his impregnating the two woman as he joins Mary in cursing Maggie. Mary continues to say, "Ah, who would tink such a bad girl could grow up in our fambly, Jimmie, me son" (67). If Mary only knew what Jimmie has done himself, she wouldn't be so supportive of him. But in the 10s, men are considered powerful. And as we know, this wouldn't have much of an affect on Jimmie.

Maggie and her family are prime examples of what alcoholism, abuse, and denial can do to a family. As we see, togetherness was not a necessity.

Please note that this sample paper on Maggie: A Girl of the Streets is for your review only. In order to eliminate any of the plagiarism issues, it is highly recommended that you do not use it for you own writing purposes. In case you experience difficulties with writing a well structured and accurately composed paper on Maggie: A Girl of the Streets, we are here to assist you. Your persuasive essay on Maggie: A Girl of the Streets will be written from scratch, so you do not have to worry about its originality. Order your authentic assignment and you will be amazed at how easy it is to complete a quality custom paper within the shortest time possible!